Medieval palette:
blue - ultramarine and azurite, red - vermillion, cinnabar & red lead, "yellow" - gold leaf and orpiment, white - lead white, green - verdigris (copper acetate), red-orange - realgar
more "lake" pigments from natural dyes on ground white mineral (marble, lime or white lead); indigo, turnsole, madder (plants), cochineal & kermes (insects)