The Rise of Philip of Macedon
and the Coming of Alexander the Great
Potential Leaders of Hellas
Dionysius or Dion of Syracuse
Jason or Alexander of Pherae
Second Athenian League and the Social War –357-355
Athenian generals: Chabrias, Chares, Timotheus, Iphicrates
Mausollos of Caria helps Chios, Rhodes and Cos rebel - 357
Artaxerxes III and enforced peace - 355
The Rise of Philip of Macedon
Philip takes over the kingship of Macedon -359
Strategic Marriage Alliances
Phila of Elimotis in Macedon
Audata, princess of Illyria
Philinna of Larissa in Thessaly
Olympias, daughter of Molossian ruler of Epiros
Gold mines of Mt. Pangaia – money for mercenaries and bribes
Military Innovations – tactics of Epaminondas, mobile phalanx of sarissas
First Moves in the North - Chalkidike and Amphipolis - 357
The Sacred War - Phokis vs. Thebes: Intervention in Central Greece
Phokian cultivation of sacred land
anti-Theban allies of Phokis – Athens, Sparta, Pherae
Phokian victories in Thessaly bring Philip's retaliation - 352
Philip defeats Phokians in Boeotia, takes Thermopylae
346 settlement of the Sacred War - Philip at the Pythia
Conquests in the North
Invasion of Chalkidike - 349
Destruction of Olynthus – 348
Athens yield Amphipolis - 346
Macedonian conquest of Thrace
Philip besieges Perinthos and Byzantium - 340
Alliance against Philip - Athens and Thebes
Battle of Chaeronea - defeat of Athens and Thebes 338
Preparing the Invasion
Corinthian League against Persia
Assassination of Philip - 336
Alexander the Great invades the Persian Empire
Granicus 334
Issus 333
Gaugamela 331
TIMELINE
| 386 | King's Peace between Persia and Greek states |
| 379-8 | Liberation of Thebes from Spartans |
| 378-7 | Formation of Second Athenian League |
| 375-370 | Jason of Pherai leads Thessaly until assassinated by nephew Alexander |
| 371 | Thebans defeat Spartans at Battle of Leuctra |
| 370-361 | Thebans invade the Peloponnesus |
| 367 | Dionysios I dies, Dionysios II takes over Syracuse |
| 364 | Thebans destroy Orchomenos, main rival in Boeotia; |
| Thebans defeat Thessalians - death of Pelopidas | |
| 362 | Thebans defeat Spartans and allies at Mantinea - death of Epaminondas |
| 359 | Philip becomes King of Macedon |
| 357 | Philip takes Amphipolis, war with Athens |
| 357-355 | Social War - subject allies revolt from Athens with aid of Mausollos of Caria |
| 356-4 | Dion takes control of Syracuse until assassinated |
| 356 | Sacred War - Thebes against Phokians and allies |
| 348 | Philip destroys Olynthus; revolt of Euboea |
| 346 | Philip makes peace with Athens; celebrates Pythian games |
| 344 | Timoleon of Corinth comes to Sicily to remove the Carthaginians |
| 340 | Phillip takes Perinthos and Byzantium |
| 338 | Battle of Chaeronea - Philip defeats Thebans and Athenians |
| 337 | Corinthian League under Philip declares war on Persia |
| 336 | Philip assassinated; Alexander the Great takes over |