The Rise of
Philip of Macedon
and the Coming of Alexander the Great
The
Rise of Philip of Macedon
Philip takes over the kingship of Macedon -359
Strategic Marriage Alliances
Phila
of Elimotis in Macedon
Audata,
princess of Illyria
Philinna
of Larissa in Thessaly (son Arrhidaios)
Nikesipolis
of Pherae (daughter Thessalonike)
Olympias,
daughter of Molossian ruler of Epiros (son Alexander)
Medea
of Thrace
Cleopatra,
daughter of general Attalos of Macedonia
Gold mines of Mt. Pangaia – money for
mercenaries and bribes
Military Innovations
tactics of Epaminondas
mobile phalanx of sarissas
light armored citizens
catapults
First Moves in the North - Chalkidike and
Amphipolis - 357
The Sacred War - Phokis vs. Thebes: Intervention in Central Greece
Phokian
cultivation of sacred land
anti-Theban
allies of Phokis – Athens, Sparta, Pherae
Phokian
victories in Thessaly bring Philip's retaliation - 352
Philip
defeats Phokians in Boeotia, takes Thermopylae
346
settlement of the Sacred War - Philip at the Pythia
Conquests in the North
Invasion
of Chalkidike - 349
Destruction
of Olynthus – 348
Athens
yield Amphipolis - 346
Macedonian
conquest of Thrace
Philip
besieges Perinthos and Byzantium - 340
Alliance against Philip - Athens and Thebes
Battle of Chaeronea - defeat of Athens and Thebes
338
Preparing
the Invasion
Corinthian League against Persia
Assassination of Philip - 336
The
Coming of Alexander
Alexander the Great invades the Persian Empire
Granicus
334
Issus
333
Gaugamela
331
Alexander
reaches India - 326
Alexander
returns to Babylon and dies -323
TIMELINE
|
386 |
King's
Peace between Persia and Greek states |
|
379-8 |
Liberation
of Thebes from Spartans |
|
378-7 |
Formation
of Second Athenian League |
|
375-370 |
Jason
of Pherai leads Thessaly until assassinated by nephew Alexander |
|
371 |
Thebans
defeat Spartans at Battle of Leuctra |
|
370-361 |
Thebans
invade the Peloponnesus |
|
367 |
Dionysios
I dies, Dionysios II takes over Syracuse |
|
364 |
Thebans
destroy Orchomenos, main rival in Boeotia; |
|
|
Thebans
defeat Thessalians - death of Pelopidas |
|
362 |
Thebans
defeat Spartans and allies at Mantinea - death of Epaminondas |
|
359 |
Philip
becomes King of Macedon |
|
357 |
Philip
takes Amphipolis, war with Athens |
|
357-355 |
Social
War - subject allies revolt from Athens with aid of Mausollos of Caria |
|
356-4 |
Dion
takes control of Syracuse until assassinated |
|
356 |
Sacred
War - Thebes against Phokians and allies |
|
348 |
Philip
destroys Olynthus; revolt of Euboea |
|
346 |
Philip
makes peace with Athens; celebrates Pythian games |
|
344 |
Timoleon
of Corinth comes to Sicily to remove the Carthaginians |
|
340 |
Phillip
takes Perinthos and Byzantium |
|
338 |
Battle
of Chaeronea - Philip defeats Thebans and Athenians |
|
337 |
Corinthian
League under Philip declares war on Persia |
|
336 |
Philip assassinated; Alexander the Great takes over |
|
334-331 |
Battles of Granicus, Issus, and Gaugamela |
|
326 |
Alexander reaches India |
|
323 |
Death of Alexander |