CLASSICAL STUDIES 375/675

INTERPRETING MYTHOLOGY

 

Professor Radcliffe G. Edmonds III

Office: Thomas 245

Office Phone: 526-5046 

redmonds@brynmawr.edu

Thomas 223   

TTh 1-2:30

Office Hours: MWF 10-11 

or by appointment

 

Required Texts:  

Feldman, Burton & Richardson, Robert, The Rise of Modern Mythology 1680-1860

Graf, Fritz,  Greek Mythology

Ovid, Metamorphoses, trans. Melville 

*Trzaskoma, Smith, & Brunet, Anthology of Classical Myth:  Primary Sources in Translation

 

Recommended Texts:

Brisson, Luc, How Philosophers Saved Myths

Brisson, Luc, Plato the Mythmaker

Calame, Claude, Myth and History

Gantz, Timothy, Early Greek Myth (2 vols.)

Lincoln, Bruce, Theorizing Myth

 

Course Description:    

                  The myths of the Greeks have provoked outrage and fascination, interpretation and retelling, censorship and elaboration, beginning with the Greeks themselves.  We will see how some of these stories have been read and understood, recounted and revised, in various cultures and eras, from ancient tellings to modern movies and undergraduate textbooks.  We will also explore some of the interpretive theories by which these tales have been understood, from ancient allegory to modern structural and semiotic theories. 

                  The student should gain a more profound understanding of the meaning of these myths to the Greeks themselves, of the cultural context in which they were formulated.  At the same time, this course should provide the student with some familiarity with the range of interpretations and strategies of understanding that people of various cultures and times have applied to the Greek myths during the more than two millennia in which they have been preserved.

 

 

Course Requirements:  

 

Class participation:  

                  Each week's assignment will include both the primary ancient texts and some secondary interpretations.  Each student should come prepared with two or three questions or ideas regarding the ancient texts for the day.  In addition, one student will be assigned to write and present a one page reaction for each of the secondary readings for the week.  Such reactions should consist, not of a summary of the selection, but rather of points of agreement and disagreement and of questions for further discussion. Readings in the Anthology of Trzaskoma etal. are marked with an *asterisk.  All readings not in the required course books will be available through the Course Documents on Blackboard.

 

 

Written Assignments:  

                  There will be one long final paper for the course on one myth, selected and defined by the student, and its interpretations.  In addition, there will be several short (5-8 pages) written assignments designed for the students to demonstrate their understanding of specific interpretive strategies covered in class.  These projects will require out of class research in addition to the readings assigned for the class.  Graduate students will be expected to make use of primary sources in the original languages and to cover a wider range of secondary sources.

 

Primary Source Translation:

                  A selection of the primary sources each week will be posted on Blackboard in the original languages.  Graduate students will have an additional session scheduled to work through these readings from the primary sources. 

 

Grade Distribution:  

Class Participation                             35%

Written Assignments                       30%

Final Paper                                             35% 

 

 

Week 1 Introduction to the Study of Mythology

Readings:  

á                       Graf, Introduction

á                       Edmunds, Introduction

á                       Lincoln, ch.1 & 2

 

Supplemental

á                       Detienne, Creation of Mythology ch. 1-2, 3-5

á                       Snell, From Myth to Logic

 

 

Week 2 Mythology Case Study: Oedipus 

Readings:  

á          *Apollodorus (M Cadmos and Thebes)

á          Burnett, Jocasta in the West

á          Cox, Oedipus - Mythology of the Aryan Nations

á          Freud on Oedipus

á          Levi-Strauss, The Structural Study of Myth 

á          Peradotto, Oedipus and Erichthonius

á          Propp, Oedipus in the Light of Folklore 

 

Supplemental

á          Sophocles, Oedipus Rex

á          Hamilton, Royal House of Thebes

á          Vernant, Oedipus without the Complex 

 

 Greek Reading:  Sophocles OT 695-1072

 

 

Week 3 The Collectors - Mythographers and Mythology, Folklore and variants

Readings: (begin reading Ovid for next week)

á          *Palaephatus 

á          *Konon 

á          *Apollodorus, Library (excerpts)

á          *Hyginus 

á          *Eratosthenes 

á          Hansen, Ariadne's Thread (Potiphar's Wife/Hippolytus)

á          Henrichs, Three Approaches to Greek Mythography

 

Supplemental

á          Gantz, Early Greek Myth, Preface

á          Stern, Heraclitus the Paradoxographer

 

Greek Reading:  Palaephatus and Apollodorus - selections

 

 

Week 4 Ovid's Metamorphoses of Myths - Myth as plots for literature

Readings:  

á          *Parthenius

á          *Antoninus Liberalis 

á          Ovid Metamorphoses

á          Graf, Myth in Ovid

á          Gildenhard & Zissos, Ovid's Narcissus

á          Bulfinch, Mythology

 

 Latin Reading:  Ovid, selections

 

Variants Assignment due before noon, Friday, September 25.

 

 

Week 5 Myth and Allegory

Readings:  

á          *Hesiod, Theogony 

á          *Cornutus 

á          *Heraclitus, Homeric Allegories 

á          *Herodorus, On Heracles, fr. 13, 14, 30, 34

á          *Sallustius 

á          Conti Book I.1-7, Book X

á          Laks, Provisional Translation of the Derveni Papyrus

á          Graf, ch. 4 & 8

á          Brisson, Aristotle and the Beginnings of Allegorical Exegesis 

 

Supplemental

á          Dawson, Pagan Etymology and Allegory 

á          Hadot, Ouranos, Kronos, and Zeus (Plotinus 3.5.2, 3.8.11.38; 5.1.4.8; 5.1.7.33; 5.9.8.8)

á          Laks, Between Religion and Philosophy

á          *Fulgentius and more Fulgentius and still more Fulgentius

 

Greek Reading:  Olympiodorus on Plato's Gorgias 47.3-4; Cornutus 7, 17, 35; Heraclitus 1, 21-25

 

 

Week 6 Myth as Primitive Science or History

Readings:  

á          Cicero, De Natura Deorum 2.49-80

á          *Diodorus Siculus (Euhemerus)

á          *Lucretius

á          Graf, ch.  1 & 2

á          Lincoln, History of Myth (ch. 3, 7)

á          Modern Mythology selections:

á          Fontenelle 

á          Heyne 

á          K.O. MŸller

á          Grimm

á          Max MŸller 

 

Greek Reading:  Diodorus Siculus, selections

 

Week 7  - fall break

 

Week 8 Myth as Primal Religion

Readings:  

á          Porphyry, Cave of the Nymphs

á          Plutarch, On Isis and Osiris

á          Modern Mythology selections:

á          Vico

á          Herder 

á          Creuzer  

á          Schlegel 

á          German Romanticism 

á          Nietzsche, Birth of Tragedy

á          Eliade, Sacred & Profane

 

Greek Reading:   Porphyry, Cave of the Nymphs

 

 

Week 9 Myth and Ritual 

Readings:  

á          *Pausanias (excerpts)

á          Graf, ch. 5

á          Frazer, Golden Bough

á          Gaster, Thespis

á          Harrison, Themis

á          Fontenrose, Ritual Theory of Myth

á          Versnel, What is Sauce for the Goose (2 parts)

á          Dowden, Myth and Religion

 

Supplemental

á          Faraone, Playing the Bear

á          Calame, Narrative and Poetic Creations

Greek Reading:   Homeric Hymn to Apollo (& commentary)

 

 

Week 10 Myth and Psychology 

Readings:  

á          Freud, Totem and Taboo

á          Campbell, Hero with a Thousand Faces

á          Jung, The Psychology of the Child Archetype

á          Kerenyi, Prolegomena

á          Caldwell, Psychoanalytic Interpretation of Greek Myth

á          Olympiodorus on Plato's Gorgias 44-50

á          Jackson, Late Platonist Poetics 

 

Supplemental

á          Doty, Cosmological Human Body

á          Doty, Psychological Approaches

 

Greek Reading:   Olympiodorus on Plato's Gorgias 44, 46

 

Interpreter Assignment due before noon, Friday, November 6.

 

 

Week 11 Myth and History 

Readings:  

á          *Thucydides 

á          *Herodotus (excerpts) 

á          Cyrene selections 

á          Calame, Narrating the foundation of a city (2 parts)

á          Sourvinou-Inwood, Reading a myth, reconstructing its constructions

á          Graf, ch. 3 & 6 

 

 Primary Reading: Herodotus IV.144-159; Pindar, Pythian IX

 

 

Week 12 Case Study - Pandora and Prometheus

Readings:  

á          *Hesiod, Theogony and Works & Days

á          Vernant, At Man's Table (2 parts)

á          Zeitlin, Signifying Difference:  The Case of Hesiod's Pandora

á          *Plato, Protagoras

á          Plotinus Ennead 4.3

á          Olympiodorus on Plato's Gorgias 48.6  

á          Zosimus of Panopolis on the Letter Omega

á          Hawthorne, The Paradise of Children (Wonder Book)

á          Max & RubyÕs Pandora

 

 Greek Reading: Hesiod

 

 

Week 13 Myth and Tradition

Readings:  

á          Tolkien, On Fairy Stories (2 parts)

á          Plato, Statesman

á          Plato, Timaeus/Critias

á          Vidal-Naquet, Athens and Atlantis

á          Brisson, Plato the Mythmaker (ch. 1-4)

á          Segal, Greek myth as a semiotic and structural system

 

Supplemental

á          Burkert, The Logic of Cosmogony

á          Brisson, Plato the Mythmaker (ch. 5-7)

 

Greek Reading:   Plato's Critias

 

Week 14 Presentations of Final Myth Projects

 

complete draft of final project due before noon, Friday, December 4.

 

 

Week 15 Conclusions: myth and scandal, myth and interpretation, myth and ideology 

Readings:  

á          Barthes, Myth Today 

á          Lincoln, Epilogue

á          Most, From Logos to Mythos 

á          Calame, The Rhetoric of Muthos and Logos

 

Suggested Reading:

á          Detienne, Creation of Mythology

 

Final Project due before the end of finals