Courses

GREK B010 Traditional and New Testament Greek

Fall 2025

This is the first half of a year-long introductory course to ancient Greek. It is designed to familiarize students with the basic elements of classical Greek grammar and syntax as well as to provide them with experience in reading short sentences and passages in both Greek prose and poetry.

Course does not meet an Approach

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Classics; Classics; Latin.

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GREK B011 Traditional and New Testament Greek

Spring 2026

This is the second half of a year-long introductory course to ancient Greek. It is designed to familiarize students with the basic elements of classical Greek grammar and syntax. Once the grammar has been fully introduced, students will develop facility by reading parts of the New Testament and a dialogue of Plato. Prerequisite: GREK B010.

Course does not meet an Approach

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Classics; Latin.

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GREK B101 Herodotus

Not offered 2025-26

Greek 101 introduces the student to one of the greatest prose authors of ancient Greece, the historian, Herodotus. The "Father of History," as Herodotus is sometimes called, wrote one of the earliest lengthy prose texts extant in Greek literature, in the Ionian dialect of Greek. The "Father of Lies," as he is also sometimes known, wove into his history a number of fabulous and entertaining anecdotes and tales. His 'historie' or inquiry into the events surrounding the invasions by the Persian empire against the Greek city-states set the precedent for all subsequent historical writings. This course meets three times a week with a required fourth hour to be arranged. Prerequisite: GREK B010 and B011 or equivalent.

Critical Interpretation (CI)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Latin.

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GREK B104 Homer

Spring 2026

Greek 104 is designed to introduce the student to the epic poetry attributed to Homer, the greatest poet of ancient Greece, through selections from the Odyssey. Since Homer's poetic form is so important to the shape and texture of the Odyssey, we will examine the mechanics of Homeric poetry, both the intricacies of dactylic hexameter and the patterns of oral formulaic composition. We will also spend time discussing the characters and ideas that animate this text, since the value of Homer lies not merely in his incomparable mastery of his poetic form, but in the values and patterns of behavior in his story, patterns which remained remarkably influential in the Greek world for centuries. Prerequisite: One year of college level Greek or equivalent.

Writing Attentive

Critical Interpretation (CI)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Classics; Latin.

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GREK B201 Plato and Thucydides

Fall 2025

This course is designed to introduce the student to two of the greatest prose authors of ancient Greece, the philosopher, Plato, and the historian, Thucydides. These two writers set the terms in the disciplines of philosophy and history for millennia, and philosophers and historians today continue to grapple with their ideas and influence. The brilliant and controversial statesman Alcibiades provides a link between the two texts in this course (Plato's Symposium and Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War), and we examine the ways in which both authors handle the figure of Alcibiades as a point of entry into the comparison of the varying styles and modes of thought of these two great writers. Suggested Prerequisites: At least 2 years of college Greek or the equivalent.

Writing Attentive

Critical Interpretation (CI)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Classics; Gender Sexuality Studies; Latin.

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GREK B202 The Form of Tragedy

Not offered 2025-26

This course will introduce the student to two of the three great Athenian tragedians-Sophocles and Euripides. Their dramas, composed two-and-a-half millenia ago, continue to be performed regularly on modern stages around the world and exert a profound influence on current day theatre. We will read Sophocles' Oedipus Tyrannos and Euripides' Bacchae in full, focusing on language, poetics, meter, and performance studies.

Writing Attentive

Critical Interpretation (CI)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Classics; Latin.

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GREK B350 Topics in Greek Literature

Section 001 (Fall 2025): Greek Tragedy & its Reception

Fall 2025

Open only to advanced undergraduates, this course includes a weekly seminar and a translation session. Three-quarters of the reading will be from primary sources.

Current topic description:We will engage in a close reading of the original text of three ancient plays (Libation Bearers, Oedipus Tyrannus, and Hippolytus) while tracing their afterlife from the ancient world to the present day, in poetry, drama, and film. Our focus will be both on the enduring relevance of Attic tragedy and also on its radical difference from the theatrical traditions which it helped catalyze.

Counts Toward: Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Classics; Latin.

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GREK B403 Supervised Work

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GREK B601 Homer

Not offered 2025-26

We will focus on a careful reading of significant portions of the Homeric epics and on the history of Homeric scholarship. Students will develop an appreciation both for the beauty of Homer's poetics and for the scholarly arguments surrounding interpretation of these texts.

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GREK B613 Imperial Epic

Not offered 2025-26

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GREK B631 Songs for the gods: Ancient Greek Hymns

Not offered 2025-26

Hymns were offerings, constructive of charis, "favor," between their singers and the divine entities to whom they were sung. This course surveys Greek hymns from the archaic period to late antiquity, and especially those transmitted from the lost manuscript archetype psi. It also explores the religious cultures that these songs helped constitute, and the ideas about the relationship between the divine and the human that they convey.

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GREK B644 Plato

Spring 2026

In this seminar, we will explore the central ideas of a Platonic dialogue as they are unfolded by the varying voices of the interlocutors. In the "Phaedo", Plato presents a poignant picture of the last hours of Socrates. Plato's dialogues all prompt questions about how to read and understand the complex interchanges between the interlocutors, but no dialogue presents these issues as prominently or paradoxically as the Phaedrus. In their rhetorical speeches on love, Phaedrus speaks for Lysias, while Socrates speaks for Phaedrus or for the nymphs or for Stesichorus. And for whom does Plato speak, or rather, write? And what does he mean when he writes for Socrates the speech that no one serious would ever put anything serious in writing? In this seminar, we will explore the ideas of speech and writing, dialogue and rhetoric, philosophy and eros in the Phaedrus. In addition to a close reading of the text itself, we will sample from the scholarly debates over the understanding and interpretation of the Phaedrus that have gone on over the past two and a half millenia of reading Plato's Phaedrus.

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GREK B645 Ancient Magic

Not offered 2025-26

Magic - the word evokes the mysterious and the marvelous, the forbidden and the hidden, the ancient and the arcane. But what did magic mean to the people who coined the term, the people of ancient Greece and Rome? Drawing on the expanding body of evidence for ancient magical practices, as well as recent theoretical approaches to the history of religions, this seminar explores the varieties of phenomena labeled magic in the ancient Greco-Roman world. Bindings and curses, love charms and healing potions, amulets and talismans - from the simple spells designed to meet the needs of the poor and desperate to the complex theurgies of the philosophers, the people of the Greco-Roman world did not only imagine what magic could do, they also made use of magic to try to influence the world around them. The seminar examines the primary texts in Greek, the tablets and spell books, as well as literary descriptions of magic, in the light of theories relating to the religious, political, and social contexts in which magic was used.

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GREK B650 Topics in Greek Literature

Section 001 (Fall 2025): Greek Tragedy & its Reception

Fall 2025

pen only to advanced undergraduates, this course includes a weekly seminar and a translation session. Three-quarters of the reading will be from primary sources.

Current topic description:We will engage in a close reading of the original text of three ancient plays (Libation Bearers, Oedipus Tyrannus, and Hippolytus) while tracing their afterlife from the ancient world to the present day, in poetry, drama, and film. Our focus will be both on the enduring relevance of Attic tragedy and also on its radical difference from the theatrical traditions which it helped catalyze.

Counts Toward: Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Latin.

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LATN B001 Elementary Latin

Fall 2025

Latin 001 is the first part of a year-long course that introduces the student to the language and literature of ancient Rome. The first semester focuses upon the grammar of Latin, developing the student's knowledge of the forms of the language and the basic constructions used. Exercises in translation and composition aid in the student's learning of the language, while readings in prose and poetry from the ancient authors provide the student with a deeper appreciation of the culture which used this language.

Course does not meet an Approach

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Studies; Classics; Greek.

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LATN B002 Elementary Latin

Spring 2026

Latin 002 is the second part of a year-long course that introduces the student to the language and literature of ancient Rome. The second semester completes the course of study of the grammar of Latin, improving the student's knowledge of the forms of the language and forms of expression. Exercises in translation and composition aid in the student's learning of the language, while readings in prose and poetry from the ancient authors provide the student with a deeper appreciation of the culture which used this language. Prerequisite: LATN B001.

Course does not meet an Approach

Counts Toward: Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Classics.

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LATN B110 Intermediate Latin

Fall 2025

Intensive review of grammar, reading in classical prose and poetry. For students who have had the equivalent of several years of high school Latin or are not adequately prepared to take LATN 101. This course meets three times a week with a required fourth hour to be arranged. Prerequisite: One year of college level Latin or equivalent.

Course does not meet an Approach

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Classics; Greek.

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LATN B112 Latin Literature

Spring 2026

In the second semester of the intermediate Latin sequence, readings in prose and poetry are frequently drawn from a period, such as the age of Augustus, that illustrate in different ways the leading political and cultural concerns of the time. The Latin readings and discussion are supplemented by readings in the secondary literature. This course meets three times a week with a required fourth hour to be arranged. Prerequisite: LATN 101 or 110 or placement by the department.

Writing Attentive

Critical Interpretation (CI)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Classical Studies.

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LATN B201 Topics: Advanced Latin Literature

Section 001 (Spring 2025): Vergil

Spring 2026

This is a topics course, course content varies. In this course typically a variety of Latin prose and poetry of the high and later Roman empire (first to fourth centuries CE) is read. Single or multiple authors may be featured in a given semester. Suggested Preparation: two years of college Latin or equivalent.

Writing Attentive

Critical Interpretation (CI)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Studies.

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LATN B202 Topics: Advanced Latin Literature

Not offered 2025-26

In this course typically a variety of Latin prose and poetry of the high and later Roman empire (first to fourth centuries CE) is read. Single or multiple authors may be featured in a given semester. This is a topics course, course content varies. Prerequisite: At least one 200-level Latin course or equivalent.

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LATN B320 Martyrs, Mothers, Memoirs: Medieval Autobiographies

Not offered 2025-26

The writing of autobiography flourished in the middle ages, but there have been very few studies of the genre for the period. This course presents a range of autobiographies from the Latin West and encourages students to think about them theoretically and historically: what does it mean to write the self? what is at stake in the presentation of these stories? what notions are privileged? and how do we situate autobiographies in the wider literary landscape?

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LATN B350 Topics in Latin Literature

Section 001 (Fall 2024): Roman Elegy
Section 001 (Spring 2025): Elizabeth Jane Weston
Section 001 (Fall 2025): Virgil's Ancient Readers

Fall 2025

This is a topics course. Course content varies.

Current topic description: In this seminar, we dig deeply into the 'archaeology' of Virgil's poetry by considering how other ancient authors variously visited, inhabited, and built atop the 'eternal city' formed by the influential set of Eclogues , Georgics , and Aeneid . Among those authors must be reckoned Virgil himself, as in such intratextual material as the Georgics anticipating a turn to heroic epic-and perhaps already undermining it, in an image like that of the same poem's future farmer wondering at the bones and armor of an unidentifiable ancient warrior ... We examine variations on such metapoetic themes, often in vivid imagery, in significant examples of 'the Virgilian tradition,' including Ovid's Metamorphoses telescoping Aeneas' journey, Apuleius' Metamorphosis revisiting Virgil's mythic Underworld, and Augustine's Confessions with its fraught anticipation of Medieval visions of 'Virgil the magician.' Augustine's reading leads us to Late Antique remixes, the centos , and ultimately to the 15th-century Maffeo Vegio's feeling that the Aeneid , arguably unfinished, needed a proper ending in an added 13th book. To explore different scholarly approaches to these materials, students develop special expertise in significant publications; in connection with regular close-reading assignments, this scholarly throughline provides a context for final research papers

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Greek.

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LATN B403 Supervised Work

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LATN B620 Martyrs, Mothers, Memoirs

Not offered 2025-26

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LATN B648 Latin Epigram

Not offered 2025-26

In this seminar we will explore the themes and aesthetics of the Latin epigram, a genre (or is it?) best known for its brevity and wit. After orienting ourselves in the epigrams of the Neoterics (Catullus, Cinna, Calvus, Caesar), our focus will turn to the poetry of Martial, whose accounts of Rome, its inhabitants, and their foibles exerted a profound influence on subsequent epigrammatists. We will consider Martial's poetry both thematically (poems on the city; women; scoundrels; patrons; long poems) and as constituents of organized, multi-faceted libri.  To deepen our appreciation of Martial's poetic project, we will take occasional forays into para-epigrammatic genres and works (Priapea, Catalepton), as well as the scattered epigrams of authors both familiar (Ovid, Lucan, Seneca, Petronius) and obscure. We will also consider the evolution the epigram from its inscriptional and epitaphic origins in Greek and Latin, and its development as a literary form by Hellenistic authors. In the final two weeks of the course, we will turn our attention to the reception of Martial by late antique (Ausonius, Claudian, Luxorius) and Neo-Latin poets (e.g. Pontano's Baiae, Panormita's Hermaphroditus, Marullo's reception of Catullus, Thomas More, John Owen).  Readings in the original will be supplemented with relevant scholarship throughout. Students will enhance their core work on Latin epigram by reading-independently or in small-groups-a complementary genre or author in the original related to their interests (e.g. Greek epigram, Horace' Satires, Latin elegy, carmina epigraphica, Juvenal, Flavian epic, Pliny's Epistles, Christian epigram).

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LATN B650 Topics in Latin Literature

Section 001 (Fall 2024): Roman Elegy
Section 002 (Fall 2024): Roman Conspiracies
Section 001 (Spring 2025): Elizabeth Jane Weston
Section 001 (Fall 2025): Virgil's Ancient Readers

Fall 2025

Advanced reading and interpretation of Latin literature: content varies

Current topic description: In this seminar, we dig deeply into the 'archaeology' of Virgil's poetry by considering how other ancient authors variously visited, inhabited, and built atop the 'eternal city' formed by the influential set of Eclogues , Georgics , and Aeneid . Among those authors must be reckoned Virgil himself, as in such intratextual material as the Georgics anticipating a turn to heroic epic-and perhaps already undermining it, in an image like that of the same poem's future farmer wondering at the bones and armor of an unidentifiable ancient warrior ... We examine variations on such metapoetic themes, often in vivid imagery, in significant examples of 'the Virgilian tradition,' including Ovid's Metamorphoses telescoping Aeneas' journey, Apuleius' Metamorphosis revisiting Virgil's mythic Underworld, and Augustine's Confessions with its fraught anticipation of Medieval visions of 'Virgil the magician.' Augustine's reading leads us to Late Antique remixes, the centos , and ultimately to the 15th-century Maffeo Vegio's feeling that the Aeneid , arguably unfinished, needed a proper ending in an added 13th book. To explore different scholarly approaches to these materials, students develop special expertise in significant publications; in connection with regular close-reading assignments, this scholarly throughline provides a context for final research papers

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LATN B658 Late Latin Poetry

Not offered 2025-26

This course will survey the florescence of Latin poetry in the fourth and fifth centuries CE. At the heart of the course will be a study of some of Prudentius' works, for example the Hamartigenia and the Cathemerinon; works by Claudian, Ausonius, Avitus, Dracontius, and Paulinus of Nola may also be included. We shall analyze both the literary and (where applicable) the theological properties of these great works.

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CSTS B108 Roman Africa

Not offered 2025-26

In 146 BCE, Rome conquered and destroyed the North African city of Carthage, which had been its arch-enemy for generations, and occupied many of the Carthaginian settlements in North Africa. But by the second and third centuries CE, North Africa was one of the most prosperous and cultured areas of the Roman Empire, and Carthage (near modern Tunis) was one of the busiest ports in the Mediterranean. This course will trace the relations between Rome and Carthage, looking at the history of their mutual enmity, the extraordinary rise to prosperity of Roman North Africa, and the continued importance of the region even after the Vandal invasions of the fifth century.

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CSTS B156 Roman Law in Action

Not offered 2025-26

This course provides an introduction to the study of Roman law and legal history by focusing on the law of the family. The family is a basic building block for society, and the aim of this course is to learn more about Roman society by examining how it developed legal rules for family organization. We will also explore the historical context behind the development of Roman legal institutions, in order to gain an appreciation for Roman law's influence on the modern civil law and common law systems.

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CSTS B175 Feminism in Classics

Not offered 2025-26

This course will illustrate the ways in which feminism has had an impact on classics, as well as the ways in which feminists think with classical texts. It will have four thematic divisions: feminism and the classical canon; feminism, women, and rethinking classical history; feminist readings of classical texts; and feminists and the classics - e.g. Cixous' Medusa and Butler's Antigone.

Critical Interpretation (CI)

Counts Toward: Gender Sexuality Studies.

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CSTS B205 Greek History

Not offered 2025-26

This course traces the rise of the city-state (polis) in the Greek-speaking world beginning in the seventh-century BC down to its full blossoming in classical Athens and Sparta. Students should gain an understanding of the formation and development of Greek identity, from the Panhellenic trends in archaic epic and religion through its crystallization during the heroic defense against two Persian invasions and its subsequent disintegration during the Peloponnesian war. The class will also explore the ways in which the evolution of political, philosophical, religious, and artistic institutions reflect the changing socio-political circumstances of Greece. The latter part of the course will focus on Athens in particular: its rise to imperial power under Pericles, its tragic decline from the Peloponnesian War and its important role as a center for the teaching of rhetoric and philosophy. Since the study of history involves the analysis, evaluation, and synthesis of the sources available for the culture studied, students will concentrate upon the primary sources available for Greek history, exploring the strengths and weakness of these sources and the ways in which their evidence can be used to create an understanding of ancient Greece. Students should learn how to analyze and evaluate the evidence from primary texts and to synthesize the information from multiple sources in a critical way.

Inquiry into the Past (IP)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Greek; History; Latin.

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CSTS B206 Cosmos: Myth, Medicine, & Law in Ancient Greece

Spring 2026

The ancient Greek word 'cosmos' means 'order' or 'system'; it also means 'beauty' or 'adornment'. The Greeks thought of the world around them as an orderly system, adorned with beauty, but their imaginings of that order took many different forms, from the most fantastic of myths to elaborate mathematical and physiological models. This course explores the systems of order that the Greeks imagined for the universe - the macrocosm, for the human body - the microcosm, and for society - the the system of laws that brings order to humans in the world. Throughout the course, we examine the ways ideas of generation, justice, and gender inflect the cosmic systems, beginning with early Greek epic and moving through the philosophical texts (especially Plato's Timaeus), Hippocratic medical treatises, and lawcourt speeches. We will explore the discourses of myth, science, and law in the ancient Greek context and their relation to contemporary discourses. Students will gain familiarity with the conceptual schemas of ancient Greek thought that have been fundamental for cosmology, medicine, and law in the Western tradition and will learn to analyze the ways in which these models have shaped ideas of generation, justice, and gender throughout the ages. Students will also improve their skills of critical reading and analytic writing through their work with the readings and writing assignments in the course, and they will hone their skills of reasoned discussion in the class.

Writing Attentive

Cross-Cultural Analysis (CC)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society.

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CSTS B207 Early Rome and the Roman Republic

Not offered 2025-26

This course surveys the history of Rome from its origins to the end of the Republic, with special emphasis on the rise of Rome in Italy and the evolution of the Roman state. The course also examines the Hellenistic world in which the rise of Rome takes place. The methods of historical investigation using the ancient sources, both literary and archaeological, are emphasized.

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CSTS B211 Dysfunctional Families, Gods from Machines: Intro to Greek Tragedy

Spring 2026

This course will introduce the student to the world of Greek Tragedy as it flourished in Athens in 5th century BC. We will read the plays of Aeschylus, Sophocles, & Euripides and discuss the playwrights' treatment of myth, the role of the chorus, the relation between text and performance, and the relevance of Greek tragedy for subsequent centuries, down to the present day. Special attention will be given to modern performances of these ancient plays in theater and in film as well as to the themes of choral voice, disability, euthanasia, slavery; the impact of war on women & children; and the relation between mortals and immortals. Please Note: NO KNOWLEDGE OF ANCIENT GREEK IS REQUIRED. ALL TEXTS WILL BE READ IN ENGLISH!

Critical Interpretation (CI)

Inquiry into the Past (IP)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; English.

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CSTS B216 Madness in the Ancient Greco-Roman World

Not offered 2025-26

How did ancient Greeks and Romans conceive of madness? Was it a deviant behavior, a contagious disease, or a divine punishment? What is the relationship between madness and music, madness and love, or madness and social control? How have understandings of madness changed from antiquity to the modern day? Our inquiries into these questions concentrate on three cultural realms: war, religion, and passion. In each section, we will read from a range of genres to unravel the complex notion of madness in Greco-Roman antiquity. At the same time, we will compare and scrutinize relevant modern phenomena, such as trauma, addiction, and deviance. All readings are in translation.

Cross-Cultural Analysis (CC)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Greek; Latin.

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CSTS B218 Reading Changes: Reflecting on Ovid's Metamorphoses

Not offered 2025-26

This course will look at scenes of (mis)communication in Ovid's Metamorphoses and consider modern (re)interpretations of the Metamorphoses-and explore why these things matter, in classics and beyond! We will look at myths such as Narcissus and Echo, Procne and Philomela, and Proserpina (aka Persephone) to think about the ways we interact with other people, whether we're reading about them or communicating with them in person. We'll define "reception;" use modern feminist, queer, and political lenses to read this ancient text (and think about how these lenses- which include Judith Butler, Bonnie Honig, and bell hooks- might apply to any text, ancient or modern); listen to some "Hadestown;" and think about ethics in ways that are just as relevant in our lives today as they are in this work written 2000 years ago. No prior classics experience required, and all readings will be in English translation.

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CSTS B219 Poetic Desires, Queer Longings

Not offered 2025-26

This course places poetry that considers love and desire from Greco-Roman antiquity in conversation with modern poetry and critical theory (queer, feminist, and literary). How are the roles of lover and beloved constructed through gender? How does queer desire and sexuality manifest in different cultural contexts? How have poets sought to express desire through language, and in what ways does language fail to capture that desire? Students in this course will face the difficulties of articulating desire head-on through both traditional literary analysis papers and a creative writing project. Texts will include love poetry by Sappho and Ovid, Trista Mateer's Aphrodite Made Me Do It, Anne Carson's Eros the Bittersweet, and Audre Lorde's "The Uses of the Erotic."

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CSTS B228 Utopia: Good Place or No Place?

Not offered 2025-26

What is the ideal human society? What is the role and status of man and woman therein? Is such a society purely hypothetical or should we strive to make it viable in our modern world? This course will address these questions by exploring the historic development of the concept of utopia.

Critical Interpretation (CI)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Greek; Latin.

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CSTS B229 Queer and Deviant Classics

Not offered 2025-26

This course investigates the capacity of the ancient past to provide marginalized individuals and groups with a sense of identity and community. Using historical and literary records, we will examine modern countercultural receptions of ancient Greece and Rome, which often invited vehement opposition from academics and the broader public. This dynamic is exemplified by a clique of 1900's Parisian women calling themselves "lesbians" after the ancient poet Sappho; Vietnam veterans finding validation in Homer's portrayal of a war-weary Achilles; the use of Plato's philosophy in a landmark American gay rights case in the 1990's; the embrace of Cleopatra as an empowered African queen by Black American authors. In this endeavor we will amend the popular image of the study of classical antiquity, which is and has always been a diverse and inclusive enterprise.

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CSTS B230 Food and Drink in the Ancient World

Not offered 2025-26

This course explores practices of eating and drinking in the ancient Mediterranean world both from a socio-cultural and environmental perspective. Since we are not only what we eat, but also where, when, why, with whom, and how we eat, we will examine the wider implications of patterns of food production, preparation, consumption, availability, and taboos, considering issues like gender, health, financial situation, geographical variability, and political status. Anthropological, archaeological, literary, and art historical approaches will be used to analyze the evidence and shed light on the role of food and drink in ancient culture and society. In addition, we will discuss how this affects our contemporary customs and practices and how our identity is still shaped by what we eat.

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CSTS B233 Mysteries of the Ancient Greco-Roman World

Fall 2025

This course explores the Mysteries of the ancient Greco-Roman world, examining the evidence for the rituals and religious ideas associated with these often secretive and hidden practices. From the Mysteries for Demeter and Persephone in Eleusis, carried out by thousands of Athenians in a multi-day festival, to the Bacchic revels for Dionysos celebrated by mountain-roaming maenads or sedate civic associations, to the secret rites for the Persian god Mithras, performed by Roman soldiers in cave shrines throughout the empire, these mysterious rituals have exercised their fascination over the centuries, playing an outsized role in the depictions of polytheistic religion in the ancient Mediterranean world.

Cross-Cultural Analysis (CC)

Counts Toward: Classical Languages; Classics; Classics; Greek; Latin.

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CSTS B238 Classical Traditions & Science Fictions

Spring 2026

What might ancient classics say about the modern world? In this course we explore intersections between ancient, Greco-Roman texts and the genre that is most characteristic of the modern, technoscientific world, science fiction. Raising questions about genres and traditions; the role of the 'humanities' in relation to 'technology'; and ways of discovering and evaluating 'knowledge', we consider the possibility that, although antiquity and the present day differ, at base ancient literature has given science fiction its profound sense of wonder about the world. Texts from authors such as Sappho, Sophocles, and Plato; Lucretius, Ovid, and Apuleius; Shelley, Borges, Dick, and Eco; Le Guin, Morrison, Atwood, and Edson; Cameron, Cronenberg, and Demme; and Benjamin, Baudrillard, Haraway, and Hayles.

Critical Interpretation (CI)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Comparative Literature.

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CSTS B242 Magic in the Greco-Roman World

Not offered 2025-26

Bindings and curses, love charms and healing potions, amulets and talismans - from the simple spells designed to meet the needs of the poor and desperate to the complex theurgies of the philosophers, the people of the Greco-Roman World made use of magic to try to influence the world around them. In this course students will gain an understanding of the magicians of the ancient world and the techniques and devices they used to serve their clientele, as well as the cultural contexts in which these ideas of magic arose. We shall consider ancient tablets and spell books as well as literary descriptions of magic in the light of theories relating to the religious, political, and social contexts in which magic was used.

Cross-Cultural Analysis (CC)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society.

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CSTS B245 Horror "Classics"

Not offered 2025-26

Ancient Greeks and Romans--authors, poets, and their audiences--recognized that narratives could induce fear in their consumers. This course creates an analogy between ancient and contemporary fear-inducing literature, and asks what work the horror elements do in each. To get at this question, we will visit "classic" figures of horror, including: monsters, witches, ghosts, vampires, shapeshifters, and human beings. Prepare to engage with Greek and Latin sources in translation as well as modern theories of horror.

Cross-Cultural Analysis (CC)

Counts Toward: Classics; Greek; Latin.

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CSTS B246 Eros in Ancient Greek Culture

Fall 2025

This course explores the ancient Greek's ideas of love, from the interpersonal loves between people of the same or different genders to the cosmogonic Eros that creates and holds together the entire world. The course examines how the idea of eros is expressed in poetry, philosophy, history, and the romances.

Critical Interpretation (CI)

Cross-Cultural Analysis (CC)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classics; Gender Sexuality Studies; Greek; Latin.

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CSTS B247 The Beast Within: Animality and Humanity in Antiquity

Not offered 2025-26

How are humans conceptualized as different from animals, and vice versa? How have characterizations of humans as bestial been mobilized to uphold gender, class, ability, and racial hierarchies? Why were there so many depictions in antiquity of humans transforming into animals? This course will consider the above questions by interpreting ancient literary depictions of the human and the animal through the lenses of queer, gender, and critical race theory. Readings will include Ovid's Metamorphoses, Euripides' Hippolytus, and Vergil's Eclogues and Georgics, as well as theoretical selections such as Mel Chen's Animacies, Bénédicte Boisseron's Afro-Dog, and Claire Jean Kim's Dangerous Crossings.

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CSTS B274 Greek Tragedy in Global Cinema

Not offered 2025-26

This course explores how contemporary film, a creative medium appealing to the entire demographic spectrum like Greek drama, looks back to the ancient origins. Examining both films that are directly based on Greek plays and films that make use of classical material without being explicitly classical in plot or setting, we will discuss how Greek mythology is reconstructed and appropriated for modern audiences and how the classical past continues to be culturally significant. A variety of methodological approaches such as film and gender theory, psychoanalysis, and feminist theory will be applied in addition to more straightforward literary-historical interpretation.

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CSTS B307 Guided Research in Classical Studies

Section 001 (Spring 2025): Magic in Ancient Greco-Roman
Section 002 (Spring 2025): Horror "Classics"
Section 001 (Spring 2026): Horror "Classics"

Fall 2025, Spring 2026

This course provides the student with the opportunity to engage in seminar-level work on the topic of another CSTS course being offered in the term. With the guidance of the professor, the student will participate in the course activities of that course but will also develop a research project that enables the student to pursue aspects of the topic at a deeper level. This course should provide the student with experience in developing research and writing skills appropriate to the discipline. Prerequisite: Declared major in CLAN or CCAS and permission of instructor.

Current topic description: Ancient Greeks and Romans--authors, poets, and their audiences--recognized that narratives could induce fear in their consumers. This course creates an analogy between ancient and contemporary fear-inducing literature, and asks what work the horror elements do in each. To get at this question, we will visit "classic" figures of horror, including: monsters, witches, ghosts, vampires, shapeshifters, and human beings. Prepare to engage with Greek and Latin sources in translation as well as modern theories of horror.

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Classics.

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CSTS B307 Guided Research in Classical Studies

Section 001 (Spring 2025): Magic in Ancient Greco-Roman
Section 002 (Spring 2025): Horror "Classics"
Section 001 (Spring 2026): Horror "Classics"

Fall 2025, Spring 2026

This course provides the student with the opportunity to engage in seminar-level work on the topic of another CSTS course being offered in the term. With the guidance of the professor, the student will participate in the course activities of that course but will also develop a research project that enables the student to pursue aspects of the topic at a deeper level. This course should provide the student with experience in developing research and writing skills appropriate to the discipline. Prerequisite: Declared major in CLAN or CCAS and permission of instructor.

Current topic description: Ancient Greeks and Romans--authors, poets, and their audiences--recognized that narratives could induce fear in their consumers. This course creates an analogy between ancient and contemporary fear-inducing literature, and asks what work the horror elements do in each. To get at this question, we will visit "classic" figures of horror, including: monsters, witches, ghosts, vampires, shapeshifters, and human beings. Prepare to engage with Greek and Latin sources in translation as well as modern theories of horror.

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Classics.

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CSTS B365 Byzantium and the Classics: The Byzantine Literary Tradition

Not offered 2025-26

This seminar approaches Byzantine literature both as a continuation of the Classical tradition and as a rich corpus that should be studied for its own sake. Each week we will survey one genre of Byzantine literature and focus on two or three texts that will be tailored to the participants' research interests as much as possible. Greek literature will provide the core of our readings, but we will occasionally turn our attention to texts composed in other languages, especially Latin and Syriac. The Byzantine Empire was a multilingual society. For 600-level students, three workshops will be offered on the following three topics: the grammar of Byzantine Greek, paleography, and textual criticism.

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CSTS B375 Interpreting Mythology

Fall 2025

The myths of the Greeks have provoked outrage and fascination, interpretation and retelling, censorship and elaboration, beginning with the Greeks themselves. We will see how some of these stories have been read and understood, recounted and revised, in various cultures and eras, from ancient tellings to modern movies. We will also explore some of the interpretive theories by which these tales have been understood, from ancient allegory to modern structural and semiotic theories. The student should gain a more profound understanding of the meaning of these myths to the Greeks themselves, of the cultural context in which they were formulated. At the same time, this course should provide the student with some familiarity with the range of interpretations and strategies of understanding that people of various cultures and times have applied to the Greek myths during the more than two millennia in which they have been preserved. Preference to upperclassmen, previous coursework in myth required.

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Comparative Literature; Greek; Latin.

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CSTS B398 Senior Seminar

This is a bi-college seminar devoted to readings in and discussion of selected topics in the various sub-fields of Classics (e.g. literature, religion, philosophy, law, social history) and of how to apply contemporary critical approaches to the primary sources. Students will also begin developing a topic for their senior thesis, composing a prospectus and giving a preliminary presentation of their findings.

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Classics; Greek; Latin.

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CSTS B403 Supervised Work

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CSTS B610 Forming the Classics: From Papyrus to Print

Not offered 2025-26

This course will trace the constitution of Classics as a discipline in both its intellectual and its material aspects, and will examine how the works of classical antiquity were read, interpreted, and preserved from the late Roman empire to the early modern period. Topics will include the material production and dissemination of texts, the conceptual organization of codices (e.g. punctuation, rubrication, indexing), and audiences and readers (including annotation, marginalia, and commentary). Students will also learn practical techniques for approaching these texts, such as palaeography and the expansion of abbreviations. The course will culminate in student research projects using manuscripts and early printed books from Bryn Mawr's exceptional collections. Prerequisite: a 200 level course in Greek, Latin, or Classical Studies.

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CSTS B665 Byzantium and the Classics: The Byzantine Literary Tradition

Not offered 2025-26

This seminar approaches Byzantine literature both as a continuation of the Classical tradition and as a rich corpus that should be studied for its own sake. Each week we will survey one genre of Byzantine literature and focus on two or three texts that will be tailored to the participants' research interests as much as possible. Greek literature will provide the core of our readings, but we will occasionally turn our attention to texts composed in other languages, especially Latin and Syriac. The Byzantine Empire was a multilingual society. For 600-level students, three workshops will be offered on the following three topics: the grammar of Byzantine Greek, paleography, and textual criticism.

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CSTS B675 Interpreting Mythology

Fall 2025

The myths of the Greeks have provoked outrage and fascination, interpretation and retelling, censorship and elaboration, beginning with the Greeks themselves. We will see how some of these stories have been read and understood, recounted and revised, in various cultures and eras, from ancient tellings to modern movies. We will also explore some of the interpretive theories by which these tales have been understood, from ancient allegory to modern structural and semiotic theories. The student should gain a more profound understanding of the meaning of these myths to the Greeks themselves, of the cultural context in which they were formulated. At the same time, this course should provide the student with some familiarity with the range of interpretations and strategies of understanding that people of various cultures and times have applied to the Greek myths during the more than two millennia in which they have been preserved.

Counts Toward: Greek; Latin.

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CSTS B701 Supervised Work

Fall 2025, Spring 2026

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ARCH B102 Introduction to Classical Archaeology

Spring 2026

A historical survey of the archaeology and art of Greece, Etruria, and Rome.

Cross-Cultural Analysis (CC)

Inquiry into the Past (IP)

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Studies; History of Art; Museum Studies.

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ARCH B203 Building the Polis: Ancient Greek Cities and Sanctuaries

Not offered 2025-26

A study of the co-development of the Greek city-states and their sanctuaries. Archaeological evidence is surveyed in its historic context. The political formation of the city-state and the role of religion is presented, and the political, economic, and religious institutions of the city-states are explored with a focus on regional variations in timelines of development, building styles, and connectivity. The logistics of building construction, religious travel, and interregional influences will also be addressed.

Cross-Cultural Analysis (CC)

Inquiry into the Past (IP)

Counts Toward: Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Classics; Growth and Structure of Cities; Museum Studies.

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ARCH B204 Animals in the Ancient Greek World

Not offered 2025-26

This course focuses on perceptions of animals in ancient Greece from the Geometric to the Classical periods. It examines representations of animals in painting, sculpture, and the minor arts, the treatment of animals as attested in the archaeological record, and how these types of evidence relate to the featuring of animals in contemporary poetry, tragedy, comedy, and medical and philosophical writings. By analyzing this rich body of evidence, the course develops a context in which participants gain insight into the ways ancient Greeks perceived, represented, and treated animals. Juxtaposing the importance of animals in modern society, as attested, for example, by their roles as pets, agents of healing, diplomatic gifts, and even as subjects of specialized studies such as animal law and animal geographies, the course also serves to expand awareness of attitudes towards animals in our own society as well as that of ancient Greece.

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ARCH B212 Visual Culture of the Ancient Mediterranean

Not offered 2025-26

This course explores the visual culture of the ancient Mediterranean world from the second millennium BCE to early Roman times. Drawing from an extensive variety of extant evidence that includes monuments, sculpture, paintings, mosaics, and artifacts deriving from culturally and geographically distinct areas, such as the Minoan world, Egypt, Turkey, Syria, Phoenicia, Cyprus, Greece, Macedonia, Italy, Tunisia, and Spain, the course explores how such evidence may have been viewed and experienced and how it may have, in turn, shaped the visual culture of the well-interconnected ancient Mediterranean world. Focusing on selected examples of evidence, including its materials, style, and methods of production, the course will also consider how past and current scholarly attitudes, approaches, and terminology have affected the understanding and interpretation of this evidence.

Writing Attentive

Inquiry into the Past (IP)

Counts Toward: Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Classics.

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ARCH B222 Alexander the Great

Not offered 2025-26

This course examines the life, personality, career, and military achievements of Alexander the Great, as well as the extraordinary reception of his legacy in antiquity and through modern times. It uses historical, archaeological and art-historical evidence to reconstruct a comprehensive picture of Alexander's cultural background and examines the real and imaginary features of his life and afterlife as they developed in the Hellenistic and Roman worlds, Late Antiquity, the Middle Ages, Renaissance, and succeeding periods in both Europe and Asia. Special attention is also placed on the appeal that Alexander's life and achievements have generated and continue to retain in modern popular visual culture as evidenced from documentary films and motion pictures.

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ARCH B242 Colonies and Colonization in the Ancient Mediterranean

Not offered 2025-26

This course focuses on the character and consequences of colonization, colonialism, and imperialism in the ancient Mediterranean. Using archaeological and textual evidence, we will examine the history, practice, and physical manifestations of colonization from the earliest Phoenician and Greek colonies through the imperial world of the Roman Empire. We will discuss a variety of approaches and frameworks used to explore the intersection of migration and mobility, colonization and colonialism, and imperial states and identities in the Classical world, and will explore the impact of these processes on the development of wider Mediterranean networks, identities, and histories.

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ARCH B246 Classical Antiquity in Movies

Not offered 2025-26

This course explores the visual representations and the narratives of the Graeco-Roman times on screen. From silent films to modern Hollywood productions through Netflix, Amazon, and other streaming services productions, students will discuss the impact of classical antiquity in the film-making industry. We will be looking into how the depiction of different aspects of the Greek and Roman past (literature, history, art, archaeology) are used (and misused) on screen and in which way these productions influence the way we understand the ancient world.

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ARCH B252 Pompeii

Not offered 2025-26

Introduces students to a nearly intact archaeological site whose destruction by the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79 C.E. was recorded by contemporaries. The discovery of Pompeii in the mid-1700s had an enormous impact on 18th- and 19th-century views of the Roman past as well as styles and preferences of the modern era. Informs students in classical antiquity, urban life, city structure, residential architecture, home decoration and furnishing, wall painting, minor arts and craft and mercantile activities within a Roman city.

Inquiry into the Past (IP)

Counts Toward: Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Classics; Growth and Structure of Cities; History of Art; Museum Studies.

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ARCH B254 Cleopatra

Not offered 2025-26

This course examines the life and rule of Cleopatra VII, the last queen of Ptolemaic Egypt, and the reception of her legacy in the Early Roman Empire and the western world from the Renaissance to modern times. The first part of the course explores extant literary evidence regarding the upbringing, education, and rule of Cleopatra within the contexts of Egyptian and Ptolemaic cultures, her relationships with Julius Caesar and Marc Antony, her conflict with Octavian, and her death by suicide in 30 BCE. The second part examines constructions of Cleopatra in Roman literature, her iconography in surviving art, and her contributions to and influence on both Ptolemaic and Roman art. A detailed account is also provided of the afterlife of Cleopatra in the literature, visual arts, scholarship, and film of both Europe and the United States, extending from the papal courts of Renaissance Italy and Shakespearean drama, to Thomas Jefferson's art collection at Monticello and Joseph Mankiewicz's 1963 epic film, Cleopatra.

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ARCH B260 Daily Life in Ancient Greece and Rome

Not offered 2025-26

The often-praised achievements of the classical cultures arose from the realities of day-to-day life. This course surveys the rich body of material and textual evidence pertaining to how ancient Greeks and Romans -- famous and obscure alike -- lived and died. Topics include housing, food, clothing, work, leisure, and family and social life.

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ARCH B301 Greek Vase-Painting

Fall 2025

This course is an introduction to the world of painted pottery of the Greek world, from the 10th to the 4th centuries B.C.E. We will interpret these images from an art-historical and socio-economic viewpoint. We will also explore how these images relate to other forms of representation. Prerequisite: one course in classical archaeology or permission of instructor.

Counts Toward: Classical Studies; Classics; History of Art.

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ARCH B304 Archaeology of Greek Religion

Not offered 2025-26

This course approaches the topic of ancient Greek religion by focusing on surviving archaeological, architectural, epigraphical, artistic and literary evidence that dates from the Archaic and Classical periods. By examining a wealth of diverse evidence that ranges, for example, from temple architecture, and feasting and banqueting equipment to inscriptions, statues, vase paintings, and descriptive texts, the course enables the participants to analyze the value and complexity of the archaeology of Greek religion and to recognize its significance for the reconstruction of daily life in ancient Greece. Special emphasis is placed on subjects such as the duties of priests and priestesses, the violence of animal sacrifice, the function of cult statues and votive offerings and also the important position of festivals and hero and mystery cults in ancient Greek religious thought and experience.

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ARCH B314 Ancient Greek Seafaring and Shipwrecks

Not offered 2025-26

This course examines the diverse evidence for ancient Greek seafaring and shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea from prehistory to the beginning of the Roman Empire. By focusing on archaeological, literary, iconographic, and epigraphic evidence, the course explores ancient Greek, Phoenician, Etruscan, and Roman interconnections in the Mediterranean Sea, through special attention to trade routes, commerce, colonization, economy, naval and maritime technology, cultural interactions, sea exploration, and piracy.

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ARCH B501 Greek Vase Painting

Fall 2025

This course is an introduction to the world of painted pottery of the Greek world, from the 10th to the 4th centuries B.C.E. We will interpret these images from an art-historical and socio-economic viewpoint. We will also explore how these images relate to other forms of representation. Prerequisite: one course in classical archaeology or permission of instructor.

Counts Toward: Classical Studies; Classics; History of Art.

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ARCH B504 Archaeology of Greek Religion

Not offered 2025-26

This course approaches the topic of ancient Greek religion by focusing on surviving archaeological, architectural, epigraphical, artistic and literary evidence that dates from the Archaic and Classical periods. By examining a wealth of diverse evidence that ranges, for example, from temple architecture, and feasting and banqueting equipment to inscriptions, statues, vase paintings, and descriptive texts, the course enables the participants to analyze the value and complexity of the archaeology of Greek religion and to recognize its significance for the reconstruction of daily life in ancient Greece. Special emphasis is placed on subjects such as the duties of priests and priestesses, the violence of animal sacrifice, the function of cult statues and votive offerings and also the important position of festivals and hero and mystery cults in ancient Greek religious thought and experience.

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ARCH B516 Trade and Transport in the Ancient World

Not offered 2025-26

Issues of trade, commerce and production of export goods are addressed with regard to the Bronze Age and Iron Age cultures of Mesopotamia, Arabia, Iran and south Asia. Crucial to these systems is the development of means of transport via maritime routes and on land. Archaeological evidence for traded goods and shipwrecks is used to map the emergence of sea-faring across the Indian Ocean and Gulf while bio-archaeological data is employed to examine the transformative role that Bactrian and Dromedary camels played in ancient trade and transport.

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GSEM B619 Death and Beyond

Not offered 2025-26

The question of what happens after the moment of death has always fascinated humanity - at one moment there is a living person, the next only a corpse; where did the person go? Every culture struggles with these questions of death and afterlife - what does it mean to die and what happens after death? This seminar will examine a variety of types of evidence - archaeological, poetic, and philosophical - to uncover ideas of death and afterlife in some of the cultures of the ancient Mediterranean world, with particular attention to the similarities and differences between ideas of death and beyond in the cultures of Greece, Egypt, and Mesopotamia. Van Gennep's model of death as a rite de passage provides the basic structure for the class, which is divided into three sections, each concerned with one section of the transition: Dying - leaving the world of the living; Liminality - the transition between the worlds; and Afterlife - existence after death. This anthropological model allows us to analyze the different discourses about death and afterlife.

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GSEM B624 Greek Tragedy in Performance

Not offered 2025-26

In this seminar we will approach Greek dramatic texts from two angles: theoretically and experientially. On the one hand, we will be reading (in English translation) the tragedies of the three great playwrights of Classical Athens-Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides-while examining their treatment of myth, systems of metaphor and imagery, and the role of the chorus, as well as the relevance of Greek tragedy for subsequent centuries down to the present day. Special attention will be given to such themes as fate and predestination; relation between mortals and immortals; disability; euthanasia; slavery; and the impact of war on women and children. On the other, concurrent with our textual analysis, we will be reading Constantin Stanislavski, Michael Chekhov and other modern theater theorists. We will be applying these acting techniques to the texts in practice (i.e., performing them in class!) as we ask the question, What can be gained from stepping inside the plays and trying them on? No prior acting experience is necessary: just a curiosity about bringing ancient texts to life through the medium of one's body!

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GSEM B625 Dots and Loops: Form and Aesthetics Across Time and Media

Fall 2025

Though it has long been at the heart of aesthetic criticism, the subject of form as an axis of methodological inquiry has regained conspicuous popularity in recent years. Scholars working across, and at the intersection of, various media--including but not limited to material culture, visual art, sound, film, and literature--have been thinking through the ways that form both informs and is informed by what were considered its various antitheses, such as history, politics, and the material archive. The presumed extrication of external "context" was integral to a hermeneutic of form. This was a driving factor, for instance, in nineteenth-century formalism, used to construct coherent narratives surrounding Classical Antiquity through archaeological and art historical understandings of ornament and architecture. These interests continued with the inception of Russian literary Formalism in the early twentieth century, and then French narratology of the midcentury, for whom Homeric form was particularly important. This seminar will examine the various modes of formalist analysis that have emerged in contemporary criticism and their relationships to the formalisms that have come before, studying them alongside artworks across media and through various global histories. How can form speak across Art History, Classics, and Archaeology and to projects that vary widely in their temporal and geographic scopes, we will ask? What does attention to form yield for interdisciplinary scholars, specifically? What are the scope and limits of thinking with lines, dots, loops, circles, squares, parabolas, and shapes of any kind?

Counts Toward: Classical & Near Eastern Arch; Classical Studies; Classics; Classics; History of Art.

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GSEM B652 Interdepartmental Seminar: History and Memory

Not offered 2025-26

The seminar will begin by establishing the categories of history and memory, as they have been constituted across the humanistic disciplines, defining and refining the epistemological and ontological distinctions between the two. Readings will be drawn first from the writings of Nietzsche and Freud and then move to the work of Barthes, Caruth, Connerton, Foucault, Guha, Gundaker, La Capra, Margolit, Nora, Sebald, Todorov, and Yerushalmi. Once a grounding context is established, the second half of the seminar will be organized around a set of categories, ranging from the material to the theoretical, through which we will continue our explorations in history and memory, among them, the following: trauma, witness, archive, document, evidence, monument, memorial, relic, trace. It is here that we would each draw specifically on our own disciplinary formations and call upon students to do the same. The seminar would, of course, be open to all students in the graduate group.

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HART B210 Critical Approaches to Visual Representation: The Classical Tradition

Not offered 2025-26

This course is writing intensive. An investigation of the historical and philosophical ideas of the classical, with particular attention to the Italian Renaissance and the continuance of its formulations throughout the Westernized world. This course was formerly numbered HART B104; students who previously completed HART B104 may not repeat this course. Prerequisite: one course in History of Art at the 100-level or permission of the instructor. Enrollment preference given to majors and minors in History of Art.

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ITAL B326 Love, Magic, and Medicine: Poetical-Philosophical Bonds

Not offered 2025-26

The course investigates how the concepts of love, magic, and medicine emerged and developed throughout early modernity and beyond. In exploring the fields of Philosophy, Medicine, and Magic, global thinkers, poets, and artists drew not only from classical sources, but were also deeply influenced by a wide range of models, such as fictional ancient sources, Islamic philosophy, and the Jewish Kabbalah. In this interesting syncretism, love was considered as an inspiration experienced by the entire universe, and magical practice was understood as a philosophy in action, which had the power to establish a bond of a loving nature between the different realms of reality. Magicians were therefore conceived as wise philosophers capable of joining this network of correspondences and controlling them (art)ificially. As a result, the figures of poets and artists interestingly merged into those of magicians of physicians, and poetry was conceived both as a magic able to arouse mental images stronger than real visions, and as a medicine able to exert a mental and physiological agency on the body. The course will approach these themes through a multi-disciplinary and trans-historical approach, which will include in the discussion a wide variety of figures, such as global early modern and modern philosophers, physicians, poets, artists, and composers.All readings and class discussion will be in English. Students will have an additional hour of class for Italian credit.

Course does not meet an Approach

Counts Toward: Classical Culture and Society; Classical Languages; Classical Studies; Health Studies; Health Studies; History; History of Art; M Eastern/C Asian/N African St; Middel Eastern Central Asian; Philosophy.

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PHIL B101 Happiness and Reality in Ancient Thought

Fall 2025

What makes us happy? The wisdom of the ancient world has importantly shaped the tradition of Western thought but in some important respects it has been rejected or forgotten. What is the nature of reality? Can we have knowledge about the world and ourselves, and, if so, how? In this course we explore answers to these sorts of metaphysical, epistemological, ethical, and political questions by examining the works of the two central Greek philosophers: Plato and Aristotle. We will consider earlier Greek religious and dramatic writings, a few Presocratic philosophers, and the person of Socrates who never wrote a word.

Critical Interpretation (CI)

Inquiry into the Past (IP)

Counts Toward: Classical Studies.

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PHIL B212 Metaphysics

Fall 2025

Metaphysics is inquiry into basic features of the world and ourselves. This course considers two topics of metaphysics, free will and personal identity, and their relationship. What is free will and are we free? Is freedom compatible with determinism? Does moral responsibility require free will? What makes someone the same person over time? Can a person survive without their body? Is the recognition of others required to be a person?

Writing Attentive

Critical Interpretation (CI)

Counts Toward: Classical Studies.

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POLS B224 Comparative Political Phil: China, Greece, and the "West"

Not offered 2025-26

An introduction to the dialogic construction of comparative political philosophy, using texts from several cultures or worlds of thought: ancient and modern China, ancient Greece, and the modern West. The course will have three parts. First, a consideration of the synchronous emergence of philosophy in ancient (Axial Age) China and Greece; second, the 19th century invention of the modern "West" and Chinese responses to this development; and third, the current discussions and debates about globalization, democracy, and human rights now going on in China and the West. Prerequisite: At least one course in either Philosophy, Political Theory, or East Asian Studies, or consent of the instructor.

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POLS B228 Introduction to Political Philosophy: Ancient and Early Modern

Not offered 2025-26

An introduction to the fundamental problems of political philosophy, especially the relationship between political life and the human good or goods.

Critical Interpretation (CI)

Counts Toward: Classical Studies; International Studies; Philosophy.

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